Deuda pública (% del PIB)

La deuda pública, a veces también denominada deuda gubernamental, representa el total de la deuda pendiente (bonos y otros títulos) del gobierno de un país. Suele expresarse como proporción del Producto Interior Bruto (PIB). La deuda pública puede contraerse tanto externa como internamente, donde la deuda externa es la deuda contraída con prestamistas fuera del país y la deuda interna representa las obligaciones del gobierno con prestamistas nacionales. La deuda pública es una importante fuente de recursos para que un gobierno financie el gasto público y cubra agujeros en el presupuesto. La deuda pública en porcentaje del PIB suele utilizarse como indicador de la capacidad de un gobierno para hacer frente a sus obligaciones futuras.

Este gráfico muestra Deuda pública (% del PIB) para Oriente Medio y África del Norte, Asia del Sur, América Latina, Zona euro, Principales economías de 2010 a 2024.

Deuda pública (% del PIB) Datos

	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Afganistán	6.1	7.3	11.2	10.8	8.4	8.8
Albania	65.0	73.9	74.1	64.1	57.6	54.2
Alemania	58.7	68.0	67.9	64.4	62.3	62.2
Andorra	35.4	46.4	48.6	38.9	35.5	33.2
Angola	101.4	119.1	74.3	56.1	72.4	59.9
Antigua y Barbuda	81.6	100.5	93.0	82.0	76.3	67.6
Arabia Saudí	20.3	29.7	25.5	21.3	23.0	26.2
Argelia	40.9	46.0	55.1	48.1	47.7	48.1
Argentina	89.8	103.8	80.8	84.8	155.7	82.6
Armenia	50.1	63.5	60.2	46.7	48.2	48.0
Aruba	72.1	117.0	110.7	97.8	82.5	70.2
Australia	46.7	57.1	55.5	50.2	49.6	50.7
Austria	71.0	83.2	82.4	78.1	77.8	79.9
Azerbaiyán	17.7	21.3	26.3	17.3	21.8	21.7
Bahamas, Las	60.3	71.9	90.7	84.7	78.3	73.8
Bahrein	97.1	125.7	122.3	111.6	123.0	133.4
Bangladesh	32.0	34.5	35.6	37.9	39.7	41.0
Barbados	107.6	138.2	121.6	113.7	111.5	104.8
Bélgica	97.7	111.4	108.7	103.4	102.4	103.9
Belice	78.6	103.0	82.2	66.8	67.5	65.4
Benín	40.4	46.1	50.3	54.2	54.9	53.4
Bhután	100.8	116.0	124.5	119.9	117.1	110.4
Bielorrusia	41.0	47.5	41.2	40.8	40.7	39.9
Bolivia	58.6	78.0	81.4	80.1	90.8	98.0
Bosnia-Herzegovina.	31.6	35.2	33.1	29.3	25.8	26.1
Botswana	21.5	23.5	22.3	21.0	22.5	29.9
Brasil	74.4	86.9	77.3	71.7	73.8	76.3
Brunei	2.6	2.9	2.5	2.1	2.3	2.3
Bulgaria	20.1	24.5	23.8	22.5	22.9	23.8
Burkina Faso	41.7	43.6	55.5	59.2	56.8	57.2
Burundi	60.1	65.9	66.5	68.5	58.1	52.0
Cabo Verde	109.8	144.3	149.5	127.6	117.5	111.2
Camboya	20.8	25.2	25.9	25.0	25.7	26.6
Camerún	41.6	44.9	47.2	45.6	43.1	42.8
Canadá	96.7	128.6	117.8	98.1	101.4	106.6
CdI	37.2	46.3	50.2	56.0	57.5	59.3
Chad	38.4	41.7	41.6	32.1	32.2	32.7
Chile	28.6	32.3	36.5	37.6	38.9	41.8
China	59.4	69.0	70.1	75.5	82.0	88.3
Chipre	92.3	113.6	96.5	80.3	71.1	62.8
Cisjordania y Gaza	34.5	47.1	50.2	47.1	48.5	65.6
Colombia	50.3	65.0	63.0	60.8	56.3	61.6
Comoras	21.2	24.3	26.3	28.2	28.7	32.2
Congo	77.6	102.5	97.8	93.5	102.9	98.0
Corea	35.4	41.1	43.7	45.9	46.8	46.0
Costa Rica	56.4	66.9	67.6	63.0	61.1	59.8
Croacia	70.9	86.5	78.2	68.5	60.9	57.4
Dinamarca	38.3	45.2	39.6	33.3	33.0	30.5
Dominica	97.7	112.5	108.5	104.3	99.8	99.9
EAU	26.8	41.3	36.3	32.1	32.4	32.1
Ecuador	53.0	63.6	56.5	53.7	50.4	49.2
Egipto	80.1	86.2	89.9	88.5	95.9	90.9
El Salvador	73.7	90.8	83.9	79.5	59.3	61.1
Eritrea	260.4	179.7	176.2	164.7	-	-
Eslovaquia	48.0	58.4	60.2	57.8	55.8	59.7
Eslovenia	66.0	80.2	74.8	72.8	68.3	66.6
España	97.7	119.3	115.7	109.3	105.2	101.6
Estados Unidos	108	130	125	121	122	124
Estonia	9.0	19.1	18.4	19.2	20.2	23.5
Etiopía	53.7	53.8	46.9	38.7	32.7	46.7
Fiji	49.5	65.8	86.7	91.5	82.9	79.1
Filipinas	39.6	54.6	60.4	60.9	60.1	60.7
Finlandia	65.3	75.3	73.1	74.0	77.1	82.5
Francia	98.2	114.9	112.8	111.4	109.8	113.2
Gabón	59.8	83.0	72.9	65.6	70.6	73.4
Gambia	83.0	85.9	83.1	83.9	80.2	74.2
Georgia	40.0	59.6	49.1	39.2	38.9	36.1
Ghana	62.9	79.1	86.9	92.7	79.1	70.3
Grecia	183	209	197	178	164	154
Grenada	62.7	89.5	86.6	79.3	75.4	75.2
Guatemala	26.5	31.4	30.6	28.8	27.2	26.4
Guinea	37.3	45.3	40.6	37.9	40.4	48.8
Guinea Ecuatorial	43.2	49.4	42.3	29.8	39.1	38.3
Guinea-Bissau	65.1	77.6	78.8	80.7	79.4	82.2
Guyana	54.0	59.5	45.7	24.8	26.7	24.2
Haití	26.5	22.3	28.9	29.5	28.5	15.5
Honduras	44.2	52.5	50.3	51.0	47.9	47.1
Hong Kong	0.3	1.0	1.9	4.3	6.3	9.2
Hungría	65.0	78.7	76.2	74.1	73.2	73.5
India	75.1	88.4	83.5	82.2	80.7	81.6
Indonesia	30.6	39.7	41.1	40.1	39.6	40.2
Irán	44.6	47.1	39.9	34.5	29.6	34.0
Iraq	41.7	72.5	54.7	39.0	42.1	46.5
Irlanda	55.8	56.9	52.4	42.9	41.8	38.3
Islandia	66.5	77.5	74.9	67.5	62.0	59.1
Islas Marshall	25.1	21.7	20.1	19.8	18.2	13.2
Islas Salomón	7.8	12.8	15.9	15.5	-	-
Israel	59.0	71.2	67.5	59.9	60.3	65.9
Italia	134	154	146	138	134	135
Jamaica	87.7	101.3	86.3	70.2	66.5	62.4
Japón	236	258	254	248	240	236
Jordania	78.0	87.9	98.2	97.9	97.0	95.9
Kazajstán	23.7	29.2	26.2	24.4	22.7	23.3
Kenia	59.1	68.0	68.2	67.8	73.4	67.3
Kirguistán	48.8	63.6	56.2	46.8	42.0	37.5
Kiribati	19.0	21.0	17.3	16.3	11.4	-
Kosovo	17.6	22.4	21.5	20.0	17.5	16.8
Kuwait	10.5	10.2	7.2	2.9	3.2	3.0
Laos	69.1	76.0	92.9	130.7	116.5	100.5
Lesotho	58.2	54.7	58.0	64.4	61.5	56.8
Letonia	37.9	44.0	45.9	44.4	44.4	46.6
Líbano	172.1	148.7	358.2	152	205	143
Liberia	48.6	58.7	53.3	54.3	57.8	57.2
Lituania	35.6	45.9	43.3	38.3	37.1	38.0
Luxemburgo	22.3	24.5	24.2	24.9	24.7	26.3
Macedonia del Norte	40.5	50.8	51.4	49.7	49.5	53.0
Madagascar	41.3	52.9	49.4	49.9	52.7	50.3
Malasia	52.4	62.0	63.3	60.1	64.3	64.6
Malawi	41.2	53.9	66.5	75.7	86.7	87.6
Maldivas	77.2	155.7	123.4	111.6	122.4	133.3
Mali	40.7	47.3	51.6	50.3	51.9	47.2
Malta	39.3	48.8	49.8	50.3	47.0	46.2
Marruecos	60.3	72.2	69.4	71.4	68.7	67.7
Mauricio	81.1	91.9	86.1	81.8	81.5	87.9
Mauritania	57.7	56.5	54.5	50.5	47.1	45.7
México	45.5	51.7	50.5	48.2	47.3	54.1
Micronesia, Estados Federados de	19.7	21.5	17.0	15.1	12.9	10.9
Moldavia	28.8	36.6	33.6	35.0	34.9	38.8
Mongolia	66.8	83.4	67.4	64.6	46.7	44.1
Montenegro	79.6	108.4	86.2	70.3	59.6	60.8
Mozambique	98.3	120.0	104.3	100.3	90.9	93.2
Myanmar	37.6	49.1	63.4	56.1	59.1	59.3
Namibia	57.6	64.3	69.6	69.4	67.2	68.4
Nauru	59.6	56.3	20.5	22.4	20.5	17.4
Nepal	34.0	43.3	43.3	42.7	47.0	48.3
Nicaragua	57.6	65.2	65.6	61.2	56.9	51.7
Níger	39.8	45.0	51.3	50.6	51.8	47.2
Nigeria	21.4	25.7	26.6	29.8	36.3	39.3
Noruega	38.4	43.4	39.8	35.1	42.7	53.3
Nueva Zelanda	31.8	43.2	47.5	46.9	46.9	50.2
Omán	52.5	67.9	61.9	41.7	37.5	35.5
Países Bajos	47.7	53.4	50.5	48.4	45.8	43.7
Pakistán	78.7	80.8	74.7	77.3	78.5	70.4
Panamá	44.5	64.8	60.1	57.9	56.1	62.1
Papúa Nueva Guinea	38.2	48.7	52.6	48.2	53.7	53.8
Paraguay	25.8	36.9	37.5	40.5	41.1	44.8
Perú	26.2	34.0	35.3	33.3	32.3	32.0
Polonia	45.2	56.6	53.0	48.8	49.5	55.1
Portugal	116.1	134.1	123.9	111.2	96.9	93.6
Puerto Rico	48.8	50.2	48.9	16.7	16.6	16.9
Qatar	62.1	72.6	58.4	42.6	43.7	42.3
Reino Unido	84.9	104.8	103.4	97.5	98.9	99.9
República Centroafricana	44.9	42.8	46.9	49.9	55.6	60.7
República Checa	29.6	36.9	40.7	42.5	42.2	43.3
República Democrática del Congo	19.4	23.7	25.3	23.8	27.0	21.2
República Dominicana	53.5	71.8	62.8	59.6	60.5	58.8
Ruanda	53.6	68.7	67.3	60.9	63.4	67.2
Rumanía	35.2	46.9	48.6	48.1	49.3	54.8
Rusia	13.7	19.2	16.5	18.5	19.5	20.3
Samoa	44.3	43.2	45.4	41.0	31.8	25.2
San Cristóbal y Nieves	54.3	68.0	69.1	60.3	55.7	53.8
San Marino	56.2	69.8	77.2	70.6	69.1	64.4
San Vicente y las Granadinas	68.2	80.2	88.4	86.3	89.4	92.7
Santa Lucía	62.1	94.4	81.9	73.9	75.2	76.6
Santo Tomé y Príncipe	98.6	91.0	85.1	86.8	73.2	-
Senegal	72.1	81.6	89.4	94.6	107.4	113.7
Serbia	49.7	54.4	53.9	52.4	48.0	46.7
Seychelles	48.9	77.4	71.0	60.0	55.3	57.6
Sierra Leona	45.3	46.4	47.1	54.0	49.5	41.7
Singapur	125	145	131	152	168	165
Sri Lanka	81.9	96.6	100.0	114.2	104.7	96.1
Suazilandia	30.5	37.8	37.5	39.5	39.4	39.2
Sudáfrica	56.1	68.9	68.8	70.7	73.2	77.1
Sudán del Sur	43.1	49.0	50.2	37.3	51.9	50.7
Sudán	216.5	278.3	189.6	186.8	259.6	272.0
Suecia	36.0	40.4	37.2	34.1	32.0	34.0
Suiza	24.6	27.2	25.7	24.5	24.4	24.5
Surinam	84.0	146.4	115.8	116.9	98.2	-
Tailandia	41.2	52.0	59.6	60.9	61.6	63.4
Taiwán	32.6	32.0	30.1	29.5	29.0	26.3
Tanzania	40.4	41.3	43.4	44.9	47.8	48.9
Tayikistán	43.5	51.8	42.1	32.5	30.9	29.5
Timor-Leste	9.5	10.1	6.5	7.9	12.4	13.3
Togo	54.9	62.2	64.9	67.0	68.6	72.1
Tonga	42.8	42.6	43.0	43.8	43.9	39.4
Trinidad y Tobago	46.0	60.6	60.5	53.2	60.2	64.6
Túnez	67.8	77.9	79.2	82.4	84.6	84.9
Turkmenistán	15.3	13.3	10.7	5.8	4.7	4.6
Turquía	31.2	38.3	38.9	29.4	28.2	23.6
Tuvalu	11.6	12.1	11.3	6.3	6.7	7.0
Ucrania	50.2	60.4	49.0	77.8	83.3	91.2
Uganda	37.5	46.3	50.3	50.2	50.5	51.5
Uruguay	59.9	74.6	69.9	67.8	68.6	67.4
Uzbekistán	25.4	33.7	31.7	30.5	32.2	32.7
Vanuatu	45.1	48.0	48.5	42.8	41.8	45.3
Venezuela	206	337	254	164	138	164
Vietnam	41.0	41.3	39.2	34.9	34.3	31.3
Yemen	91.5	87.0	75.9	65.3	77.9	70.9
Yibuti	41.1	42.1	40.3	38.3	35.4	32.9
Zambia	103.3	140.0	111.0	99.5	129.1	114.9
Zimbabue	53.9	56.8	39.9	66.8	76.1	73.0
Zona euro	83.6	96.5	93.8	89.3	87.0	87.1