Finland skyline

Finland Economic Data & Projections

Finland's Macroeconomic Analysis:

Nominal GDP of USD 282 billion in 2022.

Nominal GDP of USD 296 billion in 2023.

GDP per capita of USD 53,111 compared to the global average of USD 10,589.

GDP per capita of USD 50,853 compared to the global average of USD 10,589.

Average real GDP growth of 0.8% over the last decade.

Average real GDP growth of 0.7% over the last decade.

Share of the region's population
Share of the region's GDP

Sector Analysis

In 2021, services accounted for 73% of overall GDP, manufacturing 15%, other industrial activity 10%, and agriculture 2%. Looking at GDP by expenditure, private consumption accounted for 51% of GDP in 2021, government consumption 24%, fixed investment 24%, and net exports 1%.

GDP by economic sector
GDP by type of expenditure

International trade

In 2021, manufactured products made up 65% of total merchandise exports, mineral fuels 7%, food 3%, ores and metals 7% and agricultural raw materials 8%, with other categories accounting for 10% of the total. In the same period, manufactured products made up 61% of total merchandise imports, mineral fuels 12%, food 7%, ores and metals 7% and agricultural raw materials 2%, with other goods accounting for 11% of the total. Total exports were worth USD 93 billion in 2022, while total imports were USD 93 billion.

Key exports
Key imports
Key export partners
Key import partners

Main Economic Indicators

Economic growth

The economy recorded average annual growth of 0.8% in the decade to 2022. To read more about GDP growth in Finland, go to our dedicated page.

Fiscal policy

Finland's fiscal deficit averaged 2.1% of GDP in the decade to 2022. Find out more on our dedicated page.

Unemployment

The unemployment rate averaged 8.0% in the decade to 2022. For more information on Finland's unemployment click here.

Inflation

Inflation averaged 1.8% in the decade to 2022. Go to our Finland inflation page for extra insight.

Monetary Policy

Euro Area monetary policy rate ended 2022 at 2.50%, up from 0.75% a decade earlier. See our Finland monetary policy page for additional details.

Exchange Rate

From end-2012 to end-2022 the euro weakened by 18.2% vs the U.S. dollar. For more info on the euro, click here.

Economic situation in Finland

A second release confirmed that the economy picked up pace in Q3, expanding 0.3% in sequential terms (Q2: +0.1% qoq s.a.). The reading met market expectations but fell short of a preliminary estimate of a 0.4% rise. A recovery in fixed investment, a positive contribution of the external sector and a softer decline in private spending outweighed a contraction in public expenditure. Shifting to Q4, our panel expects the economy to be slowing to a halt, and available data is pessimistic. In October, economic activity, industrial output and retail sales fell from Q3’s average levels; inflation and unemployment rose from Q3 levels in October–November and October, respectively, likely denting private spending. On the external front, goods exports per month fell in October from the prior three months more quickly than in Q3 from Q2.

Finland Economic Forecasts

Projections out to 2034.

48 indicators covered including both annual and quarterly frequencies.

Consensus Forecasts based on a panel of 21 expert analysts.

Want to get insight on the economic outlook for Finland in the coming years? FocusEconomics collects projections out to 2034 on 48 economic indicators for Finland from a panel of 21 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts, and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. This means you avoid the risk of relying on out of date, biased or outlier forecasts. Our Consensus Forecasts can be visualized in whichever way best suits your needs, including via interactive online dashboards , direct data delivery and executive-style reports which combine analysts' projections with timely written analysis from our in-house team of economists on the latest developments in the Finland economy. To download a sample report on the Finland's economy, click here. To get in touch with our team for more information, fill in the form at the bottom of this page.

Finland Economic Indicators

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Population (million) 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.6
GDP (EUR bn) 239 236 249 266 273
GDP per capita (EUR) 43,225 42,785 44,952 47,970 49,026
Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) 2.9 -0.9 5.2 7.0 2.5
Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) 1.3 -2.5 2.7 0.8 -0.9
Domestic Demand (ann. var. %) -0.4 -1.7 3.1 2.7 -4.0
Private Consumption (ann. var. %) 0.4 -3.4 3.2 0.9 0.0
Government Consumption (ann. var. %) 2.6 0.4 4.3 -0.6 3.4
Fixed Investment (ann. var. %) -1.0 -1.1 1.8 1.5 -7.4
Exports (G&S, ann. var. %) 6.8 -8.5 6.0 4.4 0.2
Imports (G&S, ann. var. %) 2.4 -6.1 7.0 9.3 -6.7
Industrial Production (ann. var. %) 1.6 -3.2 4.2 3.8 -2.2
Wages (ann. var. %) 2.1 1.9 2.4 2.4 4.2
Unemployment (% of active population, eop) 6.5 8.2 7.2 7.3 7.6
Unemployment (% of active population, aop) 6.7 7.8 7.6 6.8 7.2
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -0.9 -5.5 -2.7 -0.2 -3.0
Public Debt (% of GDP) 65.3 75.3 73.2 74.0 77.5
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, eop) 0.9 0.2 3.5 9.1 3.6
Inflation (CPI, ann. var. %, aop) 1.0 0.3 2.2 7.1 6.3
Inflation (HICP, ann. var. %, eop) 1.1 0.2 3.2 8.8 1.3
Inflation (HICP, ann. var. %, aop) 1.1 0.4 2.1 7.2 4.3
Inflation (PPI, ann. var. %, aop) 0.4 -4.6 12.7 24.2 -3.9
ECB Refinancing Rate (%, eop) 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.50 4.50
ECB Deposit Rate (%, eop) -0.50 -0.50 -0.50 2.00 4.00
3-Month EURIBOR (%, eop) -0.38 -0.55 -0.57 2.13 3.91
10-Year Bond Yield (%, eop) 0.05 -0.40 0.07 3.09 2.57
Stock Market (var. of OMXH25 %) 14.6 8.6 21.5 -13.4 -6.6
Exchange Rate (USD per EUR, eop) 1.12 1.22 1.14 1.07 1.10
Exchange Rate (USD per EUR, aop) 1.12 1.14 1.18 1.05 1.08
Current Account Balance (EUR bn) -0.3 1.0 0.8 -6.4 -1.4
Current Account Balance (% of GDP) -0.1 0.4 0.3 -2.4 -0.5
Merchandise Trade Balance (EUR bn) 2.5 2.9 2.2 -0.2 9.0
Foreign Direct Investment (EUR bn) 12.0 -1.3 11.7 5.4 -1.5
Free Sample Report

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