Economic Growth in United Kingdom
The United Kingdom's GDP growth over the last decade was impacted by Brexit uncertainties and the COVID-19 pandemic. The Brexit referendum in 2016 introduced prolonged economic uncertainty, affecting investment and growth. The pandemic caused a historic contraction in 2020, followed by recovery. However, the UK economy is growing more slowly than in pre-Brexit years, dampened by trade frictions with the EU plus soft economic growth in mainland Europe.
In the year 2024, the economic growth in United Kingdom was 1.10%, compared to 3.19% in 2014 and 0.40% in 2023. It averaged 1.60% over the last decade. For more GDP information, visit our dedicated page.
United Kingdom GDP Chart
Note: This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for United Kingdom from 2014 to 2025.
Source: Macrobond.
United Kingdom GDP Data
| 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) | 8.5 | 5.1 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
| GDP (USD bn) | 3,194 | 3,180 | 3,421 | 3,694 | 4,000 |
| GDP (GBP bn) | 2,323 | 2,581 | 2,752 | 2,891 | 3,026 |
| Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) | 9.3 | 11.1 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 4.5 |
Economy stagnates in January
GDP reading: GDP stagnated on a seasonally adjusted month-on-month basis in January, following 0.1% growth in the prior month. January’s reading was below market expectations.
Drivers: Services showed no growth, while industrial production declined by 0.1% and construction increased by 0.2% in January.
Panelist insight: On the latest data and near-term outlook, ING’s James Smith said: “These figures do have a habit of bouncing around, and realistically the economy is probably recording modest growth right now. Certainly, if you look at a three-month average of monthly GDP, the narrative looks a little better. Remember, too, that the UK growth figures have a suspicious habit of coming in stronger through 1Q than the rest of the year. This is a trend that began in 2022, and we suspect is linked to the period of higher inflation and the tendency of price hikes to be geared towards the first half of the year, something which may not be being fully adjusted for in the seasonal adjustment and/or deflation process. In other words, don’t rule out a strong bounce back in February or March – this is exactly what happened last year after a similarly weak January.”
How should you choose a forecaster if some are too optimistic while others are too pessimistic? FocusEconomics collects British GDP projections for the next ten years from a panel of 61 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. By averaging all forecasts, upside and downside forecasting errors tend to cancel each other out, leading to the most reliable GDP forecast available for British GDP.
Download one of our sample reports to visualize what a Consensus Forecast is and see our British GDP projections.
Want to get access to the full dataset of British GDP forecasts? Send an email to info@focus-economics.com.
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