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Economic Growth in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia's GDP growth over the last decade partly tracked OPEC decisions on oil output, given the importance of the oil sector to GDP. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a sharp contraction, but recovery was underway by 2022, driven by the lifting of pandemic restrictions and successful economic diversification efforts boosting the non-oil economy. However, tough OPEC oil output cuts caused the economy to return to contraction in 2023 and to remain subdued in 2024, despite a buoyant non-oil sector.
In the year 2024, the economic growth in Saudi Arabia was 1.81%, compared to 4.02% in 2014 and 0.54% in 2023. It averaged 3.05% over the last decade. For more GDP information, visit our dedicated page.
Saudi Arabia GDP Chart
Note: This chart displays Economic Growth (GDP, annual variation in %) for Saudi Arabia from 2014 to 2025.
Source: Macrobond.
Saudi Arabia GDP Data
| 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) | 6.5 | 12.0 | 0.5 | 2.6 | 4.5 |
| GDP (USD bn) | 982 | 1,237 | 1,218 | 1,253 | 1,276 |
| GDP (SAR bn) | 3,685 | 4,647 | 4,570 | 4,703 | 4,811 |
| Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) | 28.0 | 26.1 | -1.7 | 2.9 | 2.3 |
| Economic Growth (GDP non-Oil, ann. var. %) | 8.9 | 10.7 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 4.2 |
| Economic Growth (GDP Oil, ann. var. %) | 2.0 | 14.5 | -9.0 | -4.4 | 5.6 |
Economic growth slows in the first quarter of 2026
U.S.-Iran war weighs heavily on GDP growth: According to a preliminary reading, Saudi Arabia's GDP increased 2.8% on a year-on-year basis in Q1, following a 5.0% expansion in the previous quarter. The economic slowdown in Q1 was mainly driven by a sharp deceleration in the oil sector. This deceleration stemmed from the onset of the U.S.-Iran conflict, which resulted in damage to critical infrastructure and production facilities, while the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz disrupted oil exports. In seasonally and calendar-adjusted quarter-on-quarter terms, the economy contracted 1.5% in Q1, following a 1.4% increase in the previous quarter.
Oil sector drives economic deceleration: Compared to the prior quarter, the reading in Q1 improved for government non-oil activities (1.5% in year-on-year terms vs -1.2% in Q4). In contrast, readings worsened in Q1 for the oil sector (2.3% vs 10.8% in Q4) and the private non-oil sector (2.8% vs 4.3% in Q4).
Economic recovery remains tied to regional stability: Our panelists have slashed their GDP growth forecasts since the conflict in the Middle East started. GDP growth is now projected to hit a three-year low in 2026. However, Saudi Arabia’s ability to reroute oil exports via the Red Sea should help to mitigate the war’s impact compared to most other Gulf countries. While the near-term outlook remains contingent on the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, the Kingdom is well positioned for a robust recovery.
Consensus Forecasts and Projections for the next ten years
How should you choose a forecaster if some are too optimistic while others are too pessimistic? FocusEconomics collects Saudi Arabian GDP projections for the next ten years from a panel of 29 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. By averaging all forecasts, upside and downside forecasting errors tend to cancel each other out, leading to the most reliable GDP forecast available for Saudi Arabian GDP.
Download one of our sample reports to visualize what a Consensus Forecast is and see our Saudi Arabian GDP projections.
Want to get access to the full dataset of Saudi Arabian GDP forecasts? Send an email to info@focus-economics.com.
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